In the cylinder, the clean air filtered by the air filter is thoroughly mixed with the high-pressure atomized diesel fuel injected by the fuel injector. Under the upward compression of the piston, the volume decreases and the temperature rapidly increases, reaching the ignition point of the diesel fuel. Diesel fuel is ignited, the mixture of gases burns violently, the volume expands rapidly, and the piston is pushed downwards, which is called ‘work done’. Each cylinder works in a certain order, and the thrust acting on the piston is converted into the force that drives the crankshaft to rotate through the connecting rod, thereby driving the crankshaft to rotate. By installing the brushless synchronous alternator and the crankshaft of the Diesel generator in the same axis, the rotation of the Diesel generator can be used to drive the rotor of the generator. By using the ‘electromagnetic induction’ principle, the generator will output the induced electromotive force and generate current through the closed load circuit.
This only describes the most basic working principle of the generator set. In order to obtain usable and stable power output, a series of Diesel generator and generator control, protection devices and circuits are required.