1、 Basic conditions for using ships
Ship certificate
Waterway passenger and cargo transport ships are designed to move passengers and cargo in space. The basic link of waterway transportation production during ship operation. Organizing the production and operation of ship waterway transportation requires inspection, registration, and obtaining necessary ship certificates before it can be officially put into operation.
The ship certificate refers to various documents that prove the ownership, performance, technical status, and essential operating conditions of the ship. There are many types of certificates, including sea and inland waterway transportation certificates, domestic and international navigation certificates, etc. The necessary certificates for inland ships include ship operation certificate, waterway transportation permit, ship registration, ship inspection certificate, China ship ownership certificate, China ship nationality certificate, ship seaworthiness certificate, ship minimum manning certificate, oil pollution prevention certificate, ship load line certificate, ship tonnage certificate, passenger quota certificate, and some special ships must also have special ship transportation permit certificate Dangerous goods transportation permit certificate, etc.
Crew manning
Mainly refers to all personnel on board the ship.
Ship maneuvering
According to the intention of the driver, the ship has the ability to maintain and change its course.
2、 Ship repair and maintenance
Scope of ship maintenance work
Mainly includes daily cleaning, chipping and rust removal, painting work, and active lubrication of deck equipment.
Classification of ship maintenance and repair
1. During operation maintenance and repair: mainly divided into two aspects.
Daily maintenance during navigation: During navigation, rust removal and painting work shall be carried out on the hull, cabins, life-saving equipment, and piping systems; Inspection, dismantling, cleaning, adjustment, and replacement of spare parts for deck machinery, cargo lifting equipment, and accessories.
Voyage arrival maintenance: According to the maintenance date regulations, the crew will conduct partial disassembly, inspection, adjustment, cleaning, and other work on the equipment during the berthing time.
During ship maintenance and repair operations, measurement and damage records should be carefully recorded and properly kept as the original data for maintenance or repair.
2. Suspension maintenance and repair: maintenance work that cannot be carried out under operating conditions. Mainly focusing on self-study. If necessary, maintenance points established by shipyards or shipping companies can collaborate. The suspension maintenance cycle shall be carried out according to regulations. The time arrangement and deadline shall be determined by the ship maintenance department of the shipping company; It can also be arranged by the shipping company based on the specific situation of the vessel it belongs to.
3. Ship repair in shipyard: divided into four categories: aviation repair, minor repair, medium repair, and major repair. Mainly based on the usage time and degree of loss, the repair interval should be combined with the ship inspection period as much as possible.
Aviation repair: General repair engineering and general accident repairs that affect the safe navigation of ships during operation. Aviation repair can be carried out using the berthing time of the voyage at the port, with the assistance of maintenance points established by the shipping company. If any unresolved engineering is encountered, it should be resolved by the shipyard, and if necessary, it should be repaired along with the ship.
Minor repair: According to the operating hours of the main engine and combined with the annual maintenance plan, enter the shipyard for repair work. 7500-10000 hours for motorized ships, 3 years for non motorized ships, and 2-3 years for gasoline and cargo barges.
Medium maintenance: According to the operating hours of the main engine, combined with “regular inspection”, enter the shipyard for repair work. 22500-30000 hours for motorized ships, 8-9 years for non motorized ships, and 6-7.5 years for gasoline and cargo barges.
Major repair: with a time interval of 60000 to 80000 hours. Repairs to ships involved in machine, furnace, and major technological renovations.
Preparation of Ship Maintenance and Repair Plan
The ship maintenance and repair plan is divided into annual plan, monthly plan, and voyage plan.
Annual maintenance and repair plan: Based on the conditions of the ship, the ship shall refer to the maintenance and repair cycle table, maintenance rules for various mechanical equipment, and instructions, and shall be submitted to the superior competent department for approval.
Monthly maintenance and repair plan: It is formulated based on the annual plan and combined with the monthly operation plan and the technical status of the ship and mechanical equipment. It is executed after being approved by the shipping meeting and reported to the superior supervisory department.
Voyage maintenance and repair plan: It is a work plan that ensures the completion of monthly plans and eliminates defects found during operation, and is compiled and published for execution before the start of each voyage.